Article | admin | April 19, 2016
Mandatory Retirement and Employment: Must I Retire At 65?
There is no law in Canada that says you must retire at the age of 65.
Why? Because courts and Human Rights Tribunals have adopted the
position that to permit employers to impose mandatory retirement, which
is solely based on age, is discrimination.
Pursuant to the Alberta Human Rights Act, it is recognized
in Alberta as a fundamental principle and as a matter of public policy
that all persons are equal in: dignity, rights and responsibilities
without regard to race, religious beliefs, colour, gender, physical
disability, mental disability, age, ancestry, place of origin, marital
status, source of income, family status or sexual orientation. These are
known as the enumerated grounds of discrimination. Age explicitly being
one of them. As such, the Alberta Human Rights Act further
states that no employer shall refuse to employ or refuse to continue to
employee any person based on age or any other enumerated ground.
Mandatory retirement at the age of 65 is considered to be a refusal to
employ an employee based on age. Age discrimination may also apply to
other aspects of ones conditions of employment such as, but not limited
to, salary, duties, training or opportunity for promotions.
However, as is the case with many legal issues, there is an exception to this rule. The Alberta Human Rights Act states
that a breach of one’s human rights shall be deemed not to have
occurred if the breach was reasonable and justifiable in the
circumstances. Courts have found that mandatory retirement is
justifiable if mandatory retirement is based on a bona fide occupational requirement. The bona fide occupational
requirement test is a threefold test, which is generally justified in
positions that are safety sensitive, such as firefighters, police
officers and bus drivers.
Whether or not a mandatory retirement policy is discriminatory or
justified (from either the perspective of an employee or employer), must
be determined on a case by case basis taking into account the merits
and unique circumstances of each independent matter.
For assistance or additional information on mandatory retirement and its applicability to your specific circumstances, please contact Joshua D. Sutherland and Walsh LLP directly at 403-267-8400, via our toll free number 800-304-3574, or by e-mail (ac.walhslaw@dnalrehtusj).